Много крыш: Как пишется слово: «много крыш» или «много крыж»?

Зеленые крыши – это то, что вам сейчас нужно! – Варламов.ру – ЖЖ
Источник: КБ Стрелка

Ограничения, введенные из-за коронавируса, резко сократили число возможных видов отдыха на улице. Зеленые общественные пространства стали недоступны, закрыты скверы и парки, да и выехать в лес на природу стало гораздо сложнее (особенно в городах, где введен пропускной режим). Однако потребность в отдыхе на свежем воздухе никуда не исчезла. Сегодня я снова хочу поговорить с вами о доступности наших крыш, которые в текущей ситуации могли бы стать неплохой альтернативой городским скверам. Более того, зеленые крыши решили бы проблемы районов, в которых критически мало зелени и при этом нет места для новых парков.

Ведь зеленые крыши – это новые пространства для отдыха, способ улучшить экологическую ситуацию, снизить температуру в городе летом, предотвратить затопление дорог и сократить расходы на эксплуатацию городской инфраструктуры. Но давайте обо всем по порядку.

Можно выделить ряд проблем, которые присутствуют практически в любом крупном городе: недостаток зеленых пространств, особенно при плотной застройке, периодические затопления, а также некоторые экологические проблемы, связанные с тем, что город сам по себе является источником тепла.

Источник: КБ Стрелка

Консалтинговое бюро «Стрелка» подготовило большой материал на тему озеленения крыш в мегаполисах, где, в частности, на примере Центрального административного округа (ЦАО) Москвы показало, насколько сильно можно увеличить площадь общедоступных зеленых насаждений, если грамотно использовать крыши жилых домов. Дальше буду приводить выдержки из этой статьи.

Источник: КБ Стрелка

Должен заметить, что ЦАО – это округ столицы, где достаточно плотная застройка, большое количество асфальта и нехватка зеленых территорий – здесь присутствуют все те проблемы, которые есть во многих крупных городах. По сравнению с другими округами Москвы в ЦАО худшая экологическая ситуация, здесь физически нет места для новых парков, много зданий. 1,86 м² на человека — площадь зеленых насаждений в районе Арбата, при этом норма для комфортной жизни — 16 м². Летом разница между центром и пригородом может составлять до 10 °С.

Источник: КБ Стрелка

Причины возникновения эффекта теплового острова:

• Город — крупный источник парниковых газов, которые вызывают парниковый эффект;


• Постоянное сокращение доли озелененных территорий в городах, в результате чего нарушается естественный процесс охлаждения и испарения;


• Большие площади непроницаемых, поглощающих тепло поверхностей;


• Плотная высокая застройка приводит к нарушению правильной конвекции воздуха;


• Города сами производят и отдают в окружающую среду большое количество тепла.

Эффект теплового острова ухудшает качество воздуха и приводит к формированию смога. Увеличиваются энергозатраты на охлаждение и очистку воздуха в помещениях, как и затраты воды на охлаждение и полив растений.

Визуализация эффекта теплового острова в центре Москвы и в районе крупных инфраструктурных объектов в июне 2016 г. на основе методов дистанционного зондирования земли, компьютерной обработки данных спутника Landsat 8 и геоинформационной платформы городских данных КБ Стрелка.
Источник: КБ Стрелка

Как могут помочь зеленые крыши в решении проблем большого города?

Во-первых, проходя через слои зеленой кровли, дождевая вода остается чистой, поскольку не попадает на тротуар, а сразу уходит в ливневую канализацию, а значит, не собирает с улиц бензин, мазут и другие вредные примеси. Такую воду гораздо проще очистить, чем воду с городских улиц. В кровле также можно установить накопительные баки для сбора дождевой воды. Ее можно использовать для технических нужд.

Опять же, зеленая инфраструктура естественным образом пропускает и удерживает воду, не оставляя ее на поверхности. В парках и на озелененных территориях это почва плюс корни, которые впитывают из нее влагу. На крыше тоже можно сделать специальные зоны — дождевые сады, которые будут способны забирать воду в еще большем объеме по сравнению с обычной озелененной зоной, особенно если высадить влаголюбивые растения.

Источник: КБ Стрелка

Во-вторых, озеленение крыш может повлиять на температуру в крупном городе. Примерно на 1,3 °С может снизиться температура во всем городе, локальный же эффект еще больше – в жару на 2-5°С будет прохладнее на подобной крыше и под ней, чем в целом по городу.

В-третьих, зеленые крыши помогают сократить эксплуатационные расходы. Подобные крыши работают как дополнительный слой теплоизоляции — помещения под ними не так сильно нагреваются летом и теряют меньше тепла зимой. Это позволяет сократить летние расходы на кондиционирование и зимние — на отопление домов. Также зеленые кровли улучшают гидроизоляцию крыш, в результате чего им реже требуется ремонт.

В-четвертых, на зеленой крыше можно открыть кафе, общественный огород, теплицу, спортивную или детскую площадку, студию йоги или библиотеку — все это новые возможности для бизнеса и отдыха горожан, а значит, и новые источники налогов для городского бюджета.

Ну и в-пятых, сад на крыше может стать тем типом общественного пространства для отдыха на природе без нарушения социального дистанцирования. Его можно разделить на зоны, каждая из которых может быть забронирована для использования в определенное время жильцами одной из квартир, что актуально во время ограничений, связанных с выходом из дома.

Brooklyn Grange, Нью-Йорк, США. Крупнейшая ферма на крыше в мире. Производит 20 тонн овощей в сезон, поставляет продукты в местные рестораны и магазины.
Фото: КБ Стрелка

Не нужно думать, что озеленение крыши состоит в том, что на нее набрасывают лопатой землю, сажают деревья, а потом в дождь все течет в квартиры верхних этажей. Есть несколько способов озеленение крыши, но всегда предусматривается гидроизоляция, так что во время дождя лишняя вода будет удаляться.

Источник: КБ Стрелка

Самого минимального ухода требуют экстенсивные кровли, а интенсивные требуют такого же ухода, как и любой сад. Как и в городских парках, здесь можно сезонно высаживать цветы и травы, можно организовать пространство для отдыха, барбекю и столики с лавочками.

Как сделать сад на крыше?

Собственники квартир жилого дома или

крышь — это… Что такое крышь?

Тишь да крышь(гладь), да Божья благодать — Тишь да крышь (гладь), да Божья благодать (иноск.) о тихой жизни, чтобъ не возбуждать зависти людской. Ср. Здѣсь тишь да гладь, да Божья благодать. Какъ за стѣной, живемъ за воеводой Алябьевымъ. Островскій. К. З. Мининъ. 1, 1. Ср. И погодка у… …   Большой толково-фразеологический словарь Михельсона (оригинальная орфография)

тишь да крышь(гладь), да Божья благодать — (иноск.) о тихой жизни, чтоб не возбуждать зависти людской Ср. Здесь тишь да гладь, да Божья благодать. Как за стеной, живем за воеводой Алябьевым. Островский. К.З. Минин. 1, 1. Ср. И погодка у нас унялась… какое вчера смятение было, ан Богу… …   Большой толково-фразеологический словарь Михельсона

Тишь да крышь, мир да благодать Божья. — Тишь да крышь, мир да благодать Божья. См. СЕМЬЯ РОДНЯ …   В.И. Даль. Пословицы русского народа

тишь да крышь — сущ., кол во синонимов: 13 • безмятежность (23) • благорастворение воздухов (12) • мир …   Словарь синонимов

тишь да крышь да божья благодать — См …   Словарь синонимов

Тишь да крышь — Народн. То же, что тишь да гладь. СРНГ 15, 354 …   Большой словарь русских поговорок

тишина — Тишь, затишье, молчание, безмолвие, пир, лад, согласие, спокойствие, покой. Наступило глубокое (гробовое) молчание, воцарилась мертвая (могильная) тишина. Тишь да крышь (да гладь) да божья благодать. .. Прот. безмолвие, отдых… Словарь русских… …   Словарь синонимов

КРЫТЬ — КРЫТЬ, крывать что, закрывать, покрывать, накрывать, укрывать; | класть плашмя одну вещь на другую; | прятать, хоронить, таить, скрывать. Крыть дом, крышу, вершить, делать обвершку; обрешетив стропила, настилать и укреплять кровлю. Крестьяне… …   Толковый словарь Даля

безмятежность — спокой, идилличность, мирность, мир, умиротворение, умиротворенность, тишь да гладь, тишь да гладь да божья благодать, благорастворение воздухов, спокуха, спокойность, успокоенность, спокойствие, покой, тишь да крышь, безмолвие, успокоение,… …   Словарь синонимов

мир — 1) Покой; перемирие. заключить ми.. Прот. ссора. См. дружба, согласие, спокойствие, тишина 2) Свет, вселенная, космос, земля, шар земной; подлунная, подсолнечная, поднебесная; юдоль (= долина) земная, юдоль печали и плача. Что там на белом свете… …   Словарь синонимов

90000 Roofing’s Nine Roles in Resilience 90001 90002 Obvious or unforeseen, roof problems are always a pain and undoubtedly a significant expense. 90003 BUILDINGS 90004 magazine examined which problems are most common and the conditions that can either cause or be the result of premature failure and reduced service life of low-slope roof systems. This is not a self-diagnostic guide, but rather an informative list of some of the problems most often battled by building owners and facilities professionals.90005 90002 «If you look at a failure curve, most roofs are the best they’re going to be at the time they are installed. The curve is pretty flat in terms of their deterioration for the first several years, and the last 25 or 30 percent of the roof [life], the curve becomes more steep, «explains Ron Harriman, vice president, Benchmark Inc., Cedar Rapids , IA. Unfortunately, problems are inevitable as the roof ages. Without proper and routine maintenance, these minor problems can even become catastrophic.90005 90002 90009 1) Roof leaks and moisture 90010 90005 90002 «With any roof — no matter what type — if you’ve got roof leaks, then you’ve got a problem,» explains Charles Praeger, executive director, Metal Building Manufacturers Association (MBMA), Cleveland. Leaks can occur for a number of reasons. Built-up roofs (BUR) might experience leaks due to flashing details that were not fastened properly during installation. «The problems an owner is typically going to have [with a BUR system] is that 95 percent of leaks occur at flashing details — anywhere the membrane itself is terminated or interrupted,» explains Helene Hardy Pierce, director of contractor services, GAF Materials Corp ., Wayne, NJ. Additionally, hot bituminous and torch-applied modified bitumen roofs may experience leaks when a proper moisture barrier is not installed underneath a coping cap on parapet walls, according to 90003 Avoiding Common Roof Installation Mistakes 90004, a CD-Rom produced by the Center for the Advancement of Roofing Excellence (CARE Ltd.). 90005 90002 The CARE CD-Rom also pinpoints improper installation of flashing as a source of leaks on torch-applied modified bitumen roofs. Inadequate head laps and backwater laps are another mod bit installation problem that can allow moisture infiltration.»Water can get under the membrane if the field of roof is installed so that water flows against the lap. The consequences of backwater laps are leaks and blisters, which can lead to roof failure, «CARE explains. With cold-applied modified bitumens, improper storage of materials can result in moisture infiltration built into the roofing system, and under-application of adhesive can result in poor lamination and roof leaks. 90005 90002 Leaks can result when single-ply membrane roofs are installed with poor seams.»You’ve got to have good seams with single-ply, because if you do not, you do not have much. The membranes themselves will hold water. You’ve got to have the seams either glued or heat-welded properly, «Harriman explains. 90005 90002 90009 2) Blow-offs, tenting, reduced wind uplift resistance, and billowing 90010 90005 90002 Leaks are not the only problem that can result from improperly installed flashing. Hot bituminous roofs where flashing is poorly attached may experience open seams and laps and ultimately cause blow-offs, reduced puncture resistance, and code issues, advises CARE.Poor gravel embedment and the use of an inadequate number of fasteners in the base sheet during application of both hot bituminous and torch-applied mod bit roof systems can also have similar consequences. 90005 90002 Wind uplift resistance can be reduced greatly if seams are not cured adequately on cold-applied mod bit systems. CARE notes, «Seams made with cold adhesives do not have good integrity until the adhesive has cured. If the seams are exposed to wind and rain before they are properly cured, moisture can infiltrate the roof system or wind uplift can damage the roof membrane.»90005 90002 If not adhered properly to the substrate, single-ply roofs are at risk for blow-off and billowing. «With single-ply membranes, we do a little more to hold things in place, and if it’s not done properly, then we end up with tenting of the flashings [and] we end up damaging the membrane,» says Pierce. 90005 90002 90009 3) Poor installation and unsatisfactory workmanship 90010 90005 90002 A faulty installation dramatically increases the likelihood of problems and reduces a roof system’s life expectancy.»Workmanship does tend to be one of the more common problems or common reasons for problems that crop up at some point in the life of the roof,» Harriman comments. BUR system installation can be problematic if specific preparations are not taken. According to Harriman, problems with adhesion can result when the area is not cleaned, dried, and primed properly prior to installation. «Those are things that are difficult to walk up on a roof and visually see, but could lead to future problems, premature aging, or premature failure,» he says.90005 90002 Torch-applied mod bit system performance can be compromised if crews do not relax the sheets prior to installation. Material preparation is important to a quality installation. CARE. notes, «Sheets installed that have not relaxed or are installed when ambient conditions such as temperature are not right can result in wrinkles, leaks, fish mouths, contraction of sheets, or blisters.» Be sure that the contractor and crew you’ve hired are educated in proper installation techniques specific to the roof they are installing.90005 90002 90009 4) Lack of maintenance 90010 90005 90002 There are many reasons not to neglect the roof — including financial and business continuity reasons. Being wise to problems can prevent their escalation. «The problem in roofing is a lack of education on all levels. But if the owner of the property is better educated, the whole industry does better and less problems [occur], «explains Chris Mooney, GAFMC / CARE national training manager, CARE, Wayne, NJ. Specific levels of maintenance are required to prevent voiding the warranty.»Perform routine inspections. You do not have to know a lot about roofing, «Pierce explains. «Things like ponding water, a piece of slipped base flashing, pitch pockets that have not been filled — those should be obvious whether you know a lot about roofing or not.» Addressing minor problems before they escalate maximizes roof life as well as minimizes headaches and expense. 90005 90002 90009 5) Ponding water 90010 90047 90005 90002 «Another common problem across all roof types is what I call ‘incidental ponding water.’If we move the water off the roof, the roof has a really good chance of performing the way it should, «notes Pierce. During the design of a dead-level roof, slope should be added with tapered insulation or crickets. «If we do not take proactive measures when we’re actually designing the roof, then we’re building in ponding water,» she stresses. 90005 90002 UV rays compounded by ponding water can have adverse effects on BUR and asphalt-based mod bit roofs. During installation of hot bituminous systems, CARE warns that improper mopping can produce voids in the membrane, block drains, and result in ponding water as well as void the warranty.90005 90002 Pierce cautions that before roof repairs are hastily made, the source of the ponding water should be investigated. HVAC units without condensate drain lines could be the culprit. Always inspect thoroughly before making a repair. Check drains to make sure they are free of dirt, silt, and debris. 90005 90002 90009 6) Punctures and the addition of penetrations post-installation 90010 90005 90002 For all owners, but especially those with single-ply or spray polyurethane foam (SPF) roof systems, damage from foot traffic can be problematic.»Punctures are something on high-traffic areas that can be a problem,» says Harriman of single-ply systems. «One of the things we like to do is add walkway paths or extra sacrificial layers of membrane.» 90005 90002 CARE notes abuse of the finished roof as one of the nine most common problems plaguing single-ply systems, stating, «Heavy construction traffic can cause scrapes / cuts in the membrane and damage to the underlying substrate. In addition to leaks, this can cause premature problems with the roof membrane and may void the guarantee.»Limit traffic and conduct cursory inspections after tradespeople have been on the roof. 90005 90002 All roof systems ‘performance is compromised when new equipment and penetrations are added to an existing roof, unless proper precautions are taken. When penetrations are added and deleted from a metal roof, the results can be disastrous. «You are sometimes left with a compromise and a lot of caulking and sealants. Metal roofs move a lot. There is a lot of expansion and contraction, and if you are left to deal with caulking, you’re probably going to have problems eventually, «Harriman warns.90005 90002 90009 7) Safety 90010 90005 90002 The installation of hot bituminous and torch-applied mod bit systems requires strict adherence to safety procedures. Overheating asphalt can result in burns, and fires in the kettle and on the roof, CARE warns. In torch-applied mod bit applications, fire extinguishers should be present and MRCA CERTA program guidelines should be followed. 90005 90002 During installation, odors from cold-applied mod bit systems can cause discomfort and alleged illness among building occupants.Outside air intakes should be covered in roofing areas, recommends CARE. 90005 90002 90009 8) Improper repairs 90010 90005 90002 Using materials that are not intended for application on specific roof types can result in permanent damage to the roof. «One of the most common problems we see with metal roofs is improper repair. People go up with caulking and plastic roof cement and improper materials that are in no way intended for that purpose, «Harriman says. «You can make a small problem worse through that improper repair.»90005 90002 Pierce agrees. However, this problem is not exclusive to metal roofs. «On a built-up or modified roof, that five-gallon bucket of plastic cement can solve a lot of problems. But if I take that five-gallon bucket of plastic cement up on a single-ply membrane, I may actually damage the membrane itself, «she says. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions for proper use and take note of repair products with a shelf life. 90005 90002 90009 9) Shrinkage 90010 90005 90002 Single-ply roof types are each unique.»If you walk out onto an EPDM roof today, one of the first things you’re going to look for is evidence of shrinkage,» Harriman notes. «The two most common things I see, especially on ballasted membranes, are pulling of the flashings (which is due to shrinkage of the field membrane) or you could have deterioration — surface crazing and cracking of uncured membrane, commonly used at perimeter and penetration flashing 90005 90002 90009 10) Blistering 90010 90005 90002 Blistering, ridging, splitting, and surface erosion are symptomatic with BUR, and can eventually lead to bigger problems.While blisters are not always worth fixing, one of significant size should be addressed. According to CARE, inadequate attachment of hot bituminous roof systems due to asphalt heated to an improper temperature can cause blistering, along with the slipping of felts, and accelerated aging. Bad interply integrity and dry laps can also result in the appearance of blisters. 90005 90002 Voids and holidays can be problematic in the application of torch-applied modified bitumens. «If the membrane is not torched properly, it will result in delamination, slippage, and blisters,» the CARE CD-Rom reports.Moisture and air trapped in modified bitumen roofs can vaporize, causing a blister. «Many times it’s non-threatening, unless it’s affecting the lap area and then it probably needs to be repaired,» says Harriman. 90005 90002 With cold-applied mod bit systems, the entire membrane should be installed in the same application (i.e., scheduled around work breaks and / or holidays). CARE pinpoints the consequences of improper sequencing of work as contamination and poor adhesion between the cap sheet and base ply: ultimately, blisters, delamination, leaks, and voids.90005 90002 During the installation of spray polyurethane foam systems, recovering over a wet substrate can result in severe blistering and delamination, notes Harriman. 90005 90002 Ensuring a quality installation, providing the roof with consistent maintenance, and the early detection of problems through routine inspections can help maximize roof life. As the roof ages, the likelihood of problems increases. However, it is how these problems are addressed that will determine the fate and future of your roof system.90005 90002 90009 Roof Inspection Information & Checklist 90010 90005 90002 90009 Keys to Roofing Maintenance 90010 90005 90002 90009 How to Extend Roof Life 90010 90005 90002 90003 Jana J. Madsen 90004 90003 is a former editor for Buildings magazine. 90004 90005 90002 90003 For more information about CARE, visit (90004 90003 www.gaf.com 90004 90003) or e-mail 90004 90003 [email protected] 90004 90003. 90004 90005 .90000 Inspecting Underlayment on Roofs — InterNACHI® 90001 90002 by Nick Gromicko, CMI® and Kenton Shepard 90003 90002 90003 90002 When a roofer first walks onto a job, unless he’s tearing off an old roof-covering material, he’s faced with a bare roof deck. The first component to be installed on the roof is underlayment. 90003 90002 Underlayments are manufactured with different properties designed to meet the needs of homes in different climate zones. An underlayment that works well under metal roofing in a hot, humid place like New Orleans, Louisiana, may not work well beneath wood shakes in a cold, dry climate like Jackson, Wyoming.90003 90002 The different types of roof-covering materials may also have specific underlayment requirements. 90003 90002 As an inspector, you will not be responsible for confirming that the proper type of underlayment was used, but if you see problems with the roof, understanding the basic properties and general installation requirements of underlayment may give you a clue as to the source of the problem. 90003 90002 Although underlayment is typically required in new construction by building codes, in the past, roof-covering material manufacturers have not always required it on slopes of 4:12 and steeper.90003 90002 90003 90002 90019 PURPOSES of UNDERLAYMENT 90020 90019 90020 90003 90002 90019 Moisture Barrier 90020 90003 90002 Most roof-covering materials are not waterproof, but water-resistant, and are designed to be installed over a waterproof or water-resistant membrane of some type . «Underlayment» is the general term used to describe these membranes. 90003 90002 Even though the underlayment is the first material to be installed on the roof deck, the roof-covering material — the shingles, tiles, metal or slate — is the primary barrier against roof leakage.Underlayment is a secondary barrier. 90003 90002 Water-resistant underlayment may allow the passage of moisture vapor, but will prevent the passage of water in its liquid form. Waterproof underlayment will prevent the passage of both liquid water and water vapor. 90003 90002 Waterproof underlayment is typically used on parts of the roof that are more likely to leak or suffer moisture intrusion. This includes penetrations in areas where roof-covering materials change or end, and low-slope sections of roof.It’s not unusual to use combinations of underlayment on a home’s roof. 90003 90002 The permeability of underlayment is the extent to which it allows the passage of water vapor. Although all underlayments are designed to prevent the passage of moisture in its liquid form, they can have different levels of resistance to the passage of water vapor. 90003 Underlayment permeability ratings are provided by the manufacturers, and are less important in roof underlayment than they are in housewrap. Underlayments with a perm rating of 1 or less are moisture barriers.Underlayments rated above 1 are moisture retarders. 90002 90019 Temporary Protection 90020 90003 90002 Underlayment provides temporary protection of the building interior and the roof deck before the roof-covering material is installed. 90003 90002 Ideally, the roof-covering material would be installed as soon as possible, but in the real world, the roof may be protected by only the underlayment for days, weeks, or sometimes months. 90003 90002 Protecting the building interior is especially important when an old roof-covering material is being replaced and the home interior is finished.During that time, the underlayment may be under attack from weather elements such high winds, UV radiation, and precipitation. It also needs to resist the wear and tear that occurs when the roof-covering material is being installed. 90003 90002 90019 Preventing Chemical Degradation 90020 90003 90002 Underlayment also provides a layer of separation between the roof sheathing and the roof-covering material. 90003 90002 Newer homes use plywood or an engineered panel called oriented strand board (OSB) for roof sheathing 90003 90002 For many years, pine and fir boards were used as sheathing, and many older homes still have these boards in place.Resin pockets in these boards can react chemically with some roof-covering materials, such as asphalt shingles. In these situations, missing underlayment can cause accelerated deterioration and premature failure of the roof-covering material. 90003 90002 90003 90019 Fire Resistance 90020 90062 90002 Underlayment materials are available for wood roofs which increase their resistance to fire. In fact, without special underlayment, wood shakes and shingles can not achieve a Class A fire rating, which is the highest available.90003 90002 90003 90002 90019 FACTORS AFFECTING UNDERLAYMENT 90020 90003 90002 A number of factors can affect the performance of underlayment and determine which types are appropriate: 90003 90002 90019 Climate Types 90020 90003 90002 For purposes of determining optimum roofing material, depending on location, climates in North America can be separated into two basic categories: 90003 90002 Hot and dry climates will affect bituminous underlayment by accelerating the loss of volatiles.In humid climates, older felt underlayment will absorb more moisture which, in turn, can be absorbed by the substrate, causing it to expand. In cold climates, underlayment will become brittle and more easily damaged by footfall and impact. 90003 90002 90003 90002 Each of these climate types should have underlayment installed which has performance characteristics compatible with that particular climate. 90003 90002 90003 90002 90019 Roof Design 90020 90003 90002 Some designs shed runoff quickly.Some have design features which may actually trap runoff and expose the underlayment to more moisture. 90003 90002 90003 90002 90019 Roof-Covering Material 90020 90003 90002 Manufacturers produce underlayment of different types for use with the different types of roof-covering materials. The use of underlayments that are not compatible with the roof-covering material with which they’re installed can cause problems. 90003 90002 Roof-covering materials in poor condition which expose underlayment to weather, especially to UV radiation from sunlight, can accelerate deterioration.90003 90002 90003 90002 90019 Missing Underlayment 90020 90003 90002 Although underlayment is typically required in new construction by building codes, in the past, some manufacturers have not required it on roofs of 4:12 and steeper. Unless you know for certain that the roof-covering material on the home you’re inspecting required underlayment, you should refrain from calling missing underlayment a defective installation. 90003 90002 Determining whether underlayment was required means finding the manufacturer’s installation instructions for that particular roof-covering material, and also finding out what jurisdictional requirements were in place at the time the home was built.90003 90002 Since this research falls well beyond InterNACHI’s Standards of Practice, you might better serve your client by making them aware of the steps needed to confirm proper installation, and recommending a qualified roofing contractor. 90003 90002 90003 90002 90019 UNDERLAYMENT INSTALLATION METHODS 90020 90003 90002 Installation methods vary with the pitch of the roof, with the requirements of both the underlayment and roof-covering material manufacturers, and with jurisdictional requirements.90003 90002 90003 90125 90003 90127 90002 90003 90002 90003 90002 At headlaps and sidelaps, all underlayments should extend up the wall for at least several inches. 90003 90002 90003 90002 90019 Fastening Methods 90020 90003 90002 Unless the underlayment is self-adhering, it’s attached to the roof with fasteners, which are a disadvantage because they make holes in the underlayment. 90003 90002 90003 90002 One of two fasteners is usually used. Staples are the most common, but in high-wind areas and with synthetics, underlayment is often fastened with plastic caps.90003 90002 90003 90125 90149 90003 90002 90003 90002 «Plastic caps» is the industry term for nails that come with plastic gaskets attached. They are typically used for conditions where wind damage to underlayment is a possibility. They also help seal against moisture intrusion. 90003 90002 90003 90002 In high-wind areas, it’s not unusual for roof-covering materials to be blown off while the underlayment remains in place. In these situations, the remaining underlayment can make a big difference in limiting interior water damage.Underlayment fastened with plastic caps instead of staples is a lot more likely to remain in place. 90003 90002 90003 90002 90019 Ice Barriers 90020 90003 90002 90003 90002 In areas where there is a history of ice forming along the eaves, causing melt-water to back up under the shingles (or ice dams), the ice barrier underlayment should be installed at the roof edge. An ice barrier is typically a self-sealing, self-adhering waterproof underlayment. 90003 90002 90003 90171 90002 90003 90125 90003 90002 The International Residential Code (IRC) is the residential building code most widely adopted in the U.S. According to the IRC, the ice barrier should extend from the lower roof edge to a point at least 24 inches in from the outside of the exterior wall, measured level. 90003 90002 90003 90002 All other roofing industry organizations specify that the 24 inches be measured from the inside of the exterior wall. 90003 90002 90003 90002 On roofs with steep pitches, this may require up to four courses of underlayment. Depending on the roof-covering material and the installation method, you may not be able to confirm proper ice barrier installation.Ice barrier requirements are the same no matter what roof-covering material is installed. 90003 90002 90003 90002 In summary, roofing underlayment is an essential component to the roofing materials ‘ability to withstand the elements, protect a home’s interior, and prolong its service life. The more an inspector understands about a roof’s components, the better he can spot problems and deficiencies during an inspection. 90003 90002 90003 90002 90003 90002 90003 90196 90062 90002 90003 .90000 Removing Moss on Roofs | Moss on Roofs 90001 90002 How to remove moss from the roof? 90003 90004 90005 Wondering how to remove moss from your roof? This page has been created to share the various ways to remove moss on shingle roofs. Not only does this page share the methods to remove moss but it also helps you understand the problems that arise from a mossy roof, how to prevent a mossy roof, and overall gives you a better understanding in order to properly deal with moss on rooftops.90006 90005 * Please refer to the table of contents to skip to any section of this page you are most interested in. 90006 90005 * We also just published an article on how to clean vinyl siding if that interests you as well. 90006 90005 New Article: Do Gutter Guards Work? 90006 90002 Available Roof Cleaners Online 90003 90005 You can order high quality roof cleaners online that actually work. What are some of the most popular and effective roof cleaners on the market? (These are DIY roof cleaning products for consumers primarily) 90006 90017 Spray & Forget 90018 90005 Spray & Forget is a DIY cleaning product that is used for cleaning moss, mold, and mildew off roofs and other surfaces.The product was invented by Scott Dudjak who is the current owner of the company. Their company is located in Sugar Land, Texas. 90006 90005 90006 90005 Product Reviews 90006 90005 «I originally wrote a bad review for the product, but I’m now amending my comments and rating. I tried everything to clear the green algae from my roof, but nothing worked until I applied this product late last summer / early fall. My roof cleared up in the spring and early summer this year. I’m happy to say that it’s now clean! I’ll be spraying the other side of the roof this weekend where I had not sprayed before to see if it will clear the black looking algae stain on the other side of the roof.»~ Lisa S. 90006 90005 — Read More Reviews Here 90006 90017 Wet & Forget 90018 90005 Wet & Forget is another roof cleaner that can be purchased online and applied by the consumer. This product is for cleaning moss, mold, and mildew. 90006 90005 90006 90005 Product Reviews 90006 90005 «I only ordered a half gallon of this product because I was skeptical that it would work as advertised. After applying it according to the directions I am now convinced that it actually does what it claims — i.e. removes moss, mold, mildew and stains from outdoor surfaces. 90006 90005 I have a wooden deck and stairs on my house that I applied this product to about a month ago. Just as they claim, each time it rains the product reactivates and goes to work. All of the green crud has disappeared. It does work better on horizontal surfaces than vertical as the instructions suggest but even on vertical surfaces where the rain does not reach the moss has almost vanished. 90006 90005 I plan to observe how it does for about 6 months and then reapply it if needed, although they claim that it will continue to work for up to a year.So far so good — it appears to be a good product. » ~ J. Ferris 90006 90005 — Read More Reviews Here 90006 90005 -> Buy Here & You Can Get Fast 2 Day Shipping For FREE 90006 90017 Roof Wash 90018 90005 Roof Wash is specifically designed for cleaning roofs. The product was made with the help of a professional roof cleaner who had been in the industry for years. The product is mixed with water and then spray onto the roof. 90006 90005 90006 90005 Product Reviews 90006 90005 «I asked numerous people if it was possible to clean my roof and no one seemed to know.So I searched the internet and found this product. I had 2 unsightly areas on my roof covered with mildew and moss. I used this product as directed and gently brushed off the growth. The areas now look like new. I plan to clean my entire roof this spring. I also like that this product contains hydrogen peroxide and can be safely rinsed down the gutters. » ~ Steven P. 90006 90005 — Read More Reviews Here 90006 90005 Order Via The Link Below 90006 90005 -> IN STOCK: Free 2 Day Shipping Available! 90006 90002 What is Moss? 90003 90005 Moss is a plant species that grows really well in moist cool areas.There are many different species of moss. Some common characteristics among these species are that moss does not have flowers or seeds, they must have a damp environment to grow in because they do not have any root system to secure water, and they are usually extremely green with tiny leafs. 90006 90002 What Promotes Moss Growth? 90003 90069 90070 A shady climate. The climate does not need to be too shady but shade is optimal. 90071 90070 Acidic environments. More specifically moss grows optimally at a pH level of 5.0 to 5.5. 90071 90070 Moss grows well on hard surfaces. 90071 90070 Moss needs a moist / humid environment to grow. 90071 90078 90002 How to Kill Moss? 90003 90069 90070 Take away the shade that the moss is growing in. 90071 90070 Turn its environment extremely acidic or turn it into a base environment (above 7 pH levels). 90071 90070 Take away the moisture or water from the moss. 90071 90078 90017 About Method # 1 & Method # 3 90018 90005 # 1 & # 3 can be a little tricky to do for people whose roofs are in a naturally shaded / humid environment.Some options would be to remove trees around the home in order allow extra sunlight in. This could be a fairly expensive solution but would be a solution that would last for years to come. 90006 90005 For those people who have moss or algae growing on their roofs and do not want to remove their trees around their home the solution that would work best for them would be # 2. This is most commonly done with roofing cleaning products. (We have shared 3 with you above & included links to reviews left by unhappy and happy customers.) 90006 90017 Remove The Shade 90018 90005 Because moss grows well in shaded areas one way to control moss / remove it from roofs or other areas is to remove its shade. This can be done by removing trees, trimming tree branches to allow more sun to penetrate, or remove bushes and other type of plant life that may be blocking the sun. 90006 90005 This method of moss prevention and removal is highly effective but remember that it may be ineffective if the weather is often overcast and cloudy. 90006 90017 Make its Environment Acidic (below pH 4) 90018 90005 There are many common household items that have a pH level at or below 4.These products are highly effective at killing moss. Using these products with a mixture of water or directly to the moss can kill the plant. Be aware that acid products erode certain types of surfaces. By diluting the mixture you can prevent unwanted corrosion. 90006 90069 90070 White Distilled Vinegar (Apple Cider Vinegar As Well) 90071 90070 Orange Juice 90071 90070 Lemon Juice 90071 90070 Tomato Juice 90071 90078 90017 Make its Environment a Base (Above pH 7) 90018 90005 Since moss grows in a pH environment of 5.0 — 5.5 or 6.0, by changing the environment to a base level it will effectively kill the moss. Below is a list of some common household items that are bases. By mixing these products with water or by applying them directly they can kill moss in yards, off of roofs, siding, decks, or other unwanted areas. 90006 90069 90070 Baking Soda 90071 90070 Baking Powder 90071 90070 Salt 90071 90070 Ammonia 90071 90070 Soap 90071 90070 Bleach (Do not mix bleach and ammonia) 90071 90078 90002 Warning: How Not To Kill Moss on Roofs 90003 90005 Roofs are an investment that must be safe guarded.That being said, we want to give you some «what not to do» tips when trying to remove moss off of your roof. 90006 90005 1. Do not pressure wash the moss off 90006 90005 By using a pressure washer to remove the moss you are going to dramatically reduce the life of your roof. How? The high powered water will remove the asphalt shingle granules which help protect the shingles and ensure a longer life span. 90006 90005 2. Be careful with using acids to remove moss. If your acidic mixture is too strong or stays on the roof too long, it can eat away at the shingles.If your roof cleaning solution has not been tested previously, make sure you test it on some spare shingles before applying it to your roof. 90142 3. Do not scrape the moss off of the roof. This can rip, crack, and break the asphalt shingles themselves. 90142 4. If any water is used to remove the moss, do not spray the water at an upward angle. If you do, this can cause water to go under the shingles and leak into the house or rot the wood decking of the roof. 90006 90002 Roof Cleaner Poll 90003 90005 What roof cleaning application do you most often use? 90006 90005 A poll was taken on www.thegrimescene.com by professional roof cleaners back in 2004. The poll gave them three options to rate as to their most preferred roof cleaning solution. We have posted the results of the poll below. 90006 90005 Total Number of Voters: 300 90006 90005 Chlorine / bleach with rinse: 175 Votes at 58.33% 90142 Chlorine / bleach no rinse: 77 Votes at 25.67% 90142 Sodium Hydroxide based roof cleaner: 48 Votes at 16.00% 90006 90002 Why is Moss on The Roof Bad? 90003 90005 Although the reasons are some what debated in the roof cleaning industry there is definitely one common conclusion and it is that moss is not good for roofs.We have posted a few of the reasons commonly accepted within the industry for why moss is bad for shingle asphalt roofs. 90006 90069 90070 As the moss thickens and grows on an asphalt shingle roof it can raise the shingles up (much like a jack under a car). When the shingles get risen it allows water to go under the shingles causing the decking to rot and causing the roof to leak. The raised shingles also pose problems when heavy winds are present because they will catch the wind like a sail and this can cause shingles to be torn / blown off the roof.90071 90070 A moss buildup on the roof causes more debris to get trapped on the roof. This debris promotes water buildup which makes the roof at risk of much more rotting and leaking. 90071 90070 Moss can actually damage the asphalt shingle components leaving it to break down faster. 90071 90078 90002 Words From The Professionals 90003 90005 Below are some words taken from professional roof cleaners. These quotes are paraphrased from forums and discussions located on various websites on the www.We hope that these words help you understand the process of cleaning roofs from moss, mildew and mold a little better. 90006 90005 «When I first started cleaning roofs from moss I used a mixture with sodium hydroxide and water. Pretty soon after I started using such a compound I began to see a change of color when I rinsed the roof. The water that would come off was a dark brown color. At first this to me seemed like amazing results because I was not just removing moss but I was cleaning the roof to make it look new again.Now after having more experience in cleaning roofs I realize that this brown color was from the chemicals eating away at the asphalt shingles. I no longer use a sodium hydroxide chemical solution.Because of this experience I use Chlorine to clean roofs from mold, moss, and mildew. My roof cleaning business is located in Florida and I see a lot of roofs. When I clean the roofs with chlorine I do not bother to rinse the roof after application due to an effort to preserve the green plant life that is part of the clients landscaping.Killing moss with chlorine and non rinsing has worked for me well and my clients are always satisfied. » 90006 90005 «My experiences vary in depth and scope. Some of my experiences with moss on roofs come from servicing clients that have had a previous company attempt to clean their roof. Many of these types of clients experience the moss returning too quickly. In fact, some of these clients have moss return even after having the service performed and zinc strips installed. I have found that both a bleach solution and a sodium hydroxide solution cleans roofs just fine! » 90006 90005 «I have cleaned many roofs and each one of them still looks fabulous a year later.I use a bleach solution on the roofs I clean. Although my services focus on the removal of the mold, moss, or mildew I make sure that my clients understand that it is not all about the removal of the moss but also the prevention of it. Some good methods of preventing moss growth is by using zinc or copper strips. 90006 90005 «I always rinse the roof after applying a bleach solutions. If it gets on the plants make sure you have a guy rinsing the plants with 100% water while a guy is rinsing the roof.»90006 90002 Roof Cleaning Recipe Solutions 90003 We make no claims or promises regarding these homemade cleaning solutions. Please be sure to test the solutions on a shingle that is not located on your roof before applying the moss killer soltution to your entire roof.Dish Soap Recipe 90005 4 ounces of Ultra Dawn Dish Soap 90142 1 Gallon off Water 90006 90005 Chlorine Bleach Moss Killer Recipe 90006 90005 5% — 10% Chlorine Bleach 90142 90% — 95% Water 90006 90005 Vinegar Moss Killer Recipe 90006 90005 5% — 10% White Distilled Vinegar or Apple Sider Vinegar (100% Vinegar Solution) 90142 90% — 95% Water 90006 90005 Other ingredients that you can experiment with are: 90006 90069 90070 Salt 90071 90070 Baking Soda 90071 90070 Baking Powder 90071 90070 Ammonia 90071 90070 Lemon Juice 90071 90070 Sodium Hydroxide 90071 90078 90002 How To Prevent Moss Growth on Roofs? 90003 90005 There are various things you can do to prevent moss from growing on top of the roof.Below is a list of some of the most basic and some you may never have heard of before but work well. 90006 90069 90070 Keep the roof out of the shade by trimming up trees, shrubs, plant life, or even removing trees completely. 90071 90070 Install zinc or copper strips at the top of the roof ridges. 90071 90070 String copper wire across the roof in intervals using nails or screws on the side of the roof (Do not hammer the nails or place the screws through the asphalt shingles. Place them on the side of the roof, possibly in the faucet.90071 90070 Keep the roof clean of debris on a regular basis. 90071 90078 90002 Resources 90003 .90000 Flat Roofs: A Handy Guide 90001 90002 Flat roofs are exceedingly popular with those looking to create a cool, modern home. Flat roof options help to free up internal space and are often cheaper that pitched roof options as they require fewer materials to cover the same roof span. There is also the scope to incorporate a green roof onto the flat structure. 90003 90004 What Pitch is a Flat Roof? 90005 90002 If flat roofs are to work well, they have to have a slope, known as a fall, to shed rainwater.The fall should never be less than 1:80 and preferably about 1:40. There are several methods of building in a fall: 90003 90008 90009 One is to set the cross walls at different heights. Most people shy away from this because they do not like the idea of ​​having an internal ceiling that slopes 90010 90009 A far more common method is to use ‘firring strips’, which are battens cut at an angle and placed on top of the roof joists 90010 90009 Another possibility is to cut a fall into the roof insulation, something several businesses now offer — it’s often referred to as tapered insulation 90010 90015 90004 Choosing a Flat Roof Design 90005 90002 There are many advantages to using a flat roof: 90003 90008 90009 Frees up internal space 90010 90009 Freedom to plan interesting shapes beneath a flat roof without having to worry about the way the roof is held up 90010 90009 Immeasurable flexibility 90010 90009 They help to keep the internal temperature stable 90010 90009 With flat roofs you get none of the impression of bulk that you get with a pitched roof, but internal area is not compromised to achieve this 90010 90009 Cheaper to construct than pitched roofs and nee d less material to cover the same span 90010 90015 90004 How to Build a Flat Roof 90005 90002 How exactly a fall is built in largely depends on how the flat roof is built.There are three main choices: 90003 90008 90009 The cheapest and simplest solution is to construct a 90040 warm roof 90041. This is where the roof insulation sits directly on top of the timber structure (thus keeping it warm) and then the roofing membrane is laid over the insulation 90010 90009 A 90040 cold roof 90041 places the insulation between the rafters, underneath the ply roof covering. It is the standard method employed on flat-roofed extensions but it is rarely used for new builds today.In general, a warm roof is preferable from a construction angle, but it does lead to a higher roof profile, which is not always acceptable from a planning perspective 90010 90009 There a number of variations of the warm roof, referred to as 90040 hybrid roofs 90041, which introduce different elements. In particular, some designs call for a ventilation gap above a warm roof in order to eliminate any possibility of moisture build-up inside the roof structure 90010 90015 90002 It is important that moisture does not get trapped within the roof, which can happen from underneath if there is a pathway into the roof via air leaks around badly fitted boards or penetrations, such as downlights or pipes.Condensation risk analysis is habitually undertaken by designers to ensure that any potential dew point that might occur within the roof itself is eliminated. 90003 90002 In truth, it’s a confusing topic with claim and counter-claim often being made by manufacturers. Where problems do occur, 99% of the time it’s due to air leakage through readily identifiable routes, but however you do it, great care must be taken to avoid air leakage into the roof void. It’s no less important than providing a good waterproof covering above.90003 90004 Flat Roof Coverings 90005 90002 Over the years many products have been used and none has emerged clearly as the best. In practice most people plump for the system their installer or designer likes the most. Generally speaking, the issues to watch are the cost and the guarantee offered. As a rule, do not go for anything less than 20 years. Costs vary from around £ 35 / m2 up to £ 80 / m2. 90003 90002 Applied hot in two or three layers, it remains potentially the cheapest covering but there are several different grades you can specify.The best felt systems are now comparable with any of the alternatives but cost just as much. 90003 90002 Although it’s a cheaper product, it is built up in layers and this gives a more robust finish, more suitable for light foot traffic. And the fact that it is applied hot makes it easier to form around penetrations and corners. 90003 90002 Potentially the longest lasting, it is now usually used under roof terraces that will be walked over, so habitually it is laid as a base layer beneath paving slabs.90003 90002 Widely used and easy to install, it comes on cut-to-measure rolls with its own flashing systems. It is usually bonded to the substrate with adhesive and, done well, should last at least 30 years. Firestone, the tyre manufacturer, is the number one supplier. 90003 90002 These use a variety of materials, of which PVC is the most common, but others are available. Look out for PIB, TPE and TPO, the latter preferred by people wishing to avoid PVC on environmental grounds and consequently popular in Germany.90003 90002 They are usually fitted by approved installers and, more often than not, customers work with the system their installer recommends. Generally these are a little more expensive than EPDM, but with longer guarantees. Sarnafil remains the best known PVC brand; look at Bauder for alternatives. 90003 90002 Occasionally, complex roof shapes require something a little different and paint-on solutions can be used effectively where other methods struggle. Products like Kemperol have a well-deserved niche, known for their reliability and capacity to overhaul and repair failing roofs.However, on new roofs they are expensive. Fibreglass roofs can also be laid wet and built up with matting. 90003 90004 Replacing a Flat Roof 90005 90002 Flat roofs no longer deserve the bad press they have previously received — modern versions are much less likely to leak and better insulated than versions fitted to slapdash extensions in the 70s and 80s. 90003 90002 If your home does have a poorly fitted flat roof, its replacement will probably be much more cost effective in the long run, than repair.Find out how to replace a flat roof. 90003 90004 Beyond Flat Roofs: Green and Blue Roofs 90005 90002 The fashion for extensive green roofs growing sedums, grasses and mosses shows no sign of abating and, done well, they make truly splendid features. 90003 90002 However, there is a lot more to them than a ‘normal’ flat roof. They require a root barrier to stop the plants interacting with the waterproofing beneath and a flat roof in particular requires a drainage layer to retain water. 90003 90002 Coupled with some edging features to stop the vegetation leaking away, this makes a green roof build-up quite expensive.They also add to the weight of a roof, and may well require the underlying structure to be beefed up. Another function of green roofs is to hang onto rainwater and reduce the amount of run-off. 90003 90002 A blue roof is one that aims to attenuate rainwater run-off to prevent localised flooding. This is like a green roof on steroids and involves a far more complicated build-up. It is unlikely that self builders will be specifying a blue roof unless planners insist on such a feature. 90003 .